Etiology and control of the following Groundnut diseases: Tikka

Tikka Disease of Groundnut:- The groundnut leaf spots (early leaf spot and late leaf spot) commonly called as “Tikka” disease.

1. Early Leaf Spot of Groundnut:-

Pathogen:- Cercospora arachidicola

Symptoms:-

> Infection starts about a month after sowing.

> Small chlorotic spots appear on leaflets, with time they enlarge and turn brown to black and assume sub circular shape on upper leaf surface.

> On lower surface of leaves light brown colouration is seen.

> Lesions also appear on petioles, stems, stipules.

> In severe cases several lesions coalesce and result in premature senescence.

Management:-

> Spray any one of the following:

i. Carbendazim 500 g/ha

ii. Mancozeb 1000 g/ha

iii. Chlorothalonil 1000 g/ha

Note:- If necessary give the second round 15 days later. 

> For combined infection of rust and Leaf spot, spray any one of the following:

i. Spray 10% Calotropis leaf extract

ii. Spray Carbendazim 250 g + Mancozeb 1000g/ha

iii. Chlorothalonil 1000g/ha. If necessary give the 171 second round 15 days later.

2. Late Leaf Spot of Groundnut:-

Pathogen:- Phaeoisariopsis personatum

Symptoms:-

> Infection starts around 55-57 days after sowing in Kharif and 42-46 days after sowing in Rabi.

> Black & nearly circular spots appear on the lower surface of the leaflets.

> Lesions are rough in appearance. In extreme cases many lesions coalesce resulting in premature senescence and shedding of the leaflets.

Management:-

> Intercropping pearl millet or sorghum with groundnut (1 : 3) is useful in reducing the intensity of late leafspot.

> Crop rotation with non-host crops preferably cereals.

> Deep burying of crop residues in the soil, removal of volunteer groundnut plants are important measures in reducing the primary source of infection.

> Spray Carbendazim 0.1% or Mancozeb 0.2% or Chlorothalonil 0.2%.